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Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction. Volume 19, No. 555, Supplementary Number

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. VOLUME 19, NO. 555, SUPPLEMENTARY NUMBER ***

THE MIRROR

OF

LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.

Vol. XIX. No. 555.]

SUPPLEMENT TO VOL. XIX.

[PRICE 2d.

CONTAINING

ORIGINAL ESSAYS;

HISTORICAL NARRATIVES; BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS; SKETCHES OF

SOCIETY; TOPOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTIONS; NOVELS

AND TALES; ANECDOTES;

SELECT EXTRACTS

FROM

NEW AND EXPENSIVE WORKS;

POETRY, ORIGINAL AND SELECTED;

THE SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS;

DISCOVERIES IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES;

USEFUL DOMESTIC HINTS;

&c. &c. &c.

———

VOL. XIX.

———

LONDON:

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY J. LIMBIRD, 143, STRAND

(Near Somerset House)

1832.

EARL GREY, K.G.,

PREFACE.

Here we are with our Nineteenth Volume complete. We do not carry it to Court to gain patronage, neither do we preface it with a costly dedication to a purse-proud patron; but we present it at the levee of the people, as a production in which the information and amusement of one and all are equally kept in view. We know that instances have occurred of authors tiring out their patrons. A pleasant story is told of Spencer, who sent the manuscript of his Faery Queen to the Earl of Southampton, the Mecaenas of those days; when the earl reading a few pages, ordered the poet to be paid twenty pounds; reading further, another twenty pounds; and proceeding still, twenty pounds more; till losing all patience, his lordship cried, "Go turn that fellow out of the house, for if I read on I shall be ruined." We have no fear this will be our fate; especially as we strive to effect all that can be accomplished in our economical form to follow as well as direct the public taste.

Experience has taught us in the conduct of nineteen volumes of this Miscellany, that the most effectual method of conveying instruction, or aiding the progress of knowledge, is by combining it with amusement; or, in other words by at once aiming at the head and heart. The world is already too full of precept upon precept; and a smattering of principles is too often found in the place of practice. How can this order of things be improved but by setting forth duties as innocent pleasures, sweetening utility with entertainment, and garnishing fact with fancy. A man need not study Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations to become rich, nor seek the glories of nature in artificial Systems. But the contrary notion has probably given rise to the observation, that, "what the present generation have gained in head, they have lost in heart." It should not, however, be so, with the abundance of materials we have for social improvement.

We hope the reader has recognised the influence of these feelings in the many illustrations of men, manners, and times, which it has ever been our object to garner into the pages of THE MIRROR. Hence the traits of domestic life in all ages, and the tales and traditions of the family hearth, when pointed with a moral, receive our special attention. In this department, as well as in the playful fancies of poetry, in embellishing the softer sympathies of nature,—we have been materially aided by our Correspondents; to all of whom we proffer our best thanks.

In the present volume, the Public Journals of the day have not been disregarded; while sterling literature, of the utile cum dulce character, has been studied; and new books have been consulted, not so much for the purpose of exposing their defects, as exhibiting their perfections. Art has contributed its novelties; and the progress of Natural Science has developed many new beauties appreciable by every reader.

The ENGRAVINGS are somewhat more numerous than usual; in all numbering sixty-three; and they are accompanied by illustrative letter-press of concise, but we trust, entertaining character.

In Popular Antiquities we may mention Old Fishmongers' Hall, which has disappeared since the date of our last volume; the Castles of Pontefract, Wilton, and Dunheved, with traits of their historic lore; the Lady Chapel, in Southwark, and its changing history; Brighton about a hundred years since; the Arbalest, or Cross-bow explained with Cuts; Old Bankside, and the First Theatres; the venerable Melrose on the Tweed; St. Pancras (Old) Church; and the castellated palace of the Alhambra, in Spain.

Among the Architectural novelties are the Law Institution, in Chancery Lane; the Lowther Arcade, in the Strand; Staines New Bridge; and two scenes of the picturesque wonders of the Colosseum, in the Regent's Park.

In Zoology, the most popular study of the day, there are upwards of a score of novelties. Among them are a dozen Vignettes from the Zoological Gardens in the Regent's Park, and in Surrey; and illustrations of Rare Arctic Birds observed during the last overland expedition to the Polar Sea, by Captain Sir John Franklin.

In the ensuing volume, we have determined upon enlarging our letter-press page; whilst a new and handsome type has been cast expressly for this work. By these improvements, as well as by the renewed vigour of our artists, and a like zeal on our own part, THE MIRROR will be found still worthy of its old friends, and attractive to new patrons. Its economy need not be again enforced, although in this respect, our contemplated alterations cannot but be received as additional points for the encouragement of a discerning public.

London, June 28, 1832.

MEMOIR

OF

THE RIGHT HON. CHARLES GREY,

EARL GREY, K.G.,

FIRST LORD OF HIS MAJESTY'S TREASURY, &c. &c.

DE BON VOULOIR SERVIR LE ROI.—Family Motto.

The family of GREY—the Greys of the North, as they are styled distinctively from the Greys of the South, [1]—is of Saxon origin. [2] They have held manors in Northumberland from the earliest records to the present time. The direct founder of the present branch was Baron Grey of Werke, ennobled by James I. and advanced to the earldom of Tankerville by William III. which titles became extinct in 1710; and the heiress carried the estates by marriage to Charles Bennet, Lord Ossulston, who was, in consequence, created Earl of Tankerville, in 1714.

The father of Earl Grey was Sir Charles Grey, who entered the army at an early age, had a command in the American war, and commanded in chief the military forces in the expeditions against the French West India Islands, the successful result of which was the annexing of Martinique, St. Lucie, Guadaloupe, &c. to our empire. He married, in 1762, Elizabeth, daughter of George Grey, Esq. of Southwick, in Durham, (of a different family,) by whom he had five sons and two daughters. He was created Lord Grey of Howick, in 1801; and Viscount Howick, and Earl Grey, in 1806. He died in the following year, and was succeeded by his son, Charles, second and present earl.

Mr. Grey was born March 13, 1764, and educated at Eton, in the same class with the late Mr. Lambton, (father of the present Lord Durham,) Mr. Whitbread, and others, with whom he afterwards acted in political life. He was then sent to King's College, Cambridge, where he displayed first-rate abilities. On his leaving the University, he set out on the tour of Europe, though only eighteen years of age. In Italy, he was introduced to the late Duke of Cumberland, in whose household he obtained an appointment. He returned to England in 1786, and soon after his arrival, was, by the interest of his family, returned to parliament for the county of Northumberland, when he joined the Whigs, it has been stated, to the surprise of his family, whose principles were those of Toryism.

At a subsequent general election, as an expensive contest was expected for Northumberland, Mr. Grey declined nomination, and was returned to parliament for Appleby, which borough he represented till his succession to the peerage. In the House of Commons his great talents soon shone forth; and, in conjunction with Fox, Sheridan, Lambton, Ponsonby, and others, he maintained an intrepid opposition to the doctrines of that darling of fame, Mr. Pitt. Immediately after his entrance into Parliament, his discussion of the minister's important treaty of commerce, may be said to have established his reputation, by the force of his eloquence, as well as by the enlarged views which he seemed to have acquired of commercial relations; which knowledge is more frequently the result of gradual experience than of early attainment.

In these stormy times Mr. Grey ranked among the head and front of contending politics. He was appointed one of the managers of that magnificent political drama—the impeachment of Warren Hastings, when he displayed great acumen in that part of the accusation termed the Benares Charge.

In 1791, we find Mr. Grey taking the lead in a measure, which, in the language of a great orator (Burke) "shed a lustre on the character and humanity of the nation." The subject to which we allude, was the melancholy situation of those who were unable to satisfy the demands of importunate creditors, and consequently subjected to the operation of a rigorous code of laws. His observation in moving for a parliamentary committee to inquire into the present practice and effect of imprisonment for debt is worthy of quotation: "it was desirable to distinguish the unfortunate debtor from the knavish one, to place the creditor in that situation which afforded the fairest and the speediest means of compensation, and to regulate the jails of this country in such a manner as to prevent unnecessary hardship and restraint. Whether they considered the practice of confining for debt men who had no means of discharging such debt, or, on the contrary, fraudulent debtors, whose creditors by no process could compel them to pay; these circumstances were alone sufficient to constitute an inquiry into the state of the laws relating to debtor and creditor." This motion being acceded to, a committee consisting of Mr. Grey, Mr. Pitt, Sir John Sinclair, Mr. Vansittart, Mr. Martin, the Attorney and Solicitor Generals, and other legal gentlemen, was immediately appointed. The origin of this inquiry is an indicative of the liberal policy of the statesman as it is of the humanity of the mover.

In 1792, Mr. Grey instituted an inquiry into the conduct of ministers with regard to the recently threatened hostilities with Russia. His animadversion upon the vacillating and ruinous measures of government were characterized by that fearless intrepidity, truth, energy, and eloquence, which have distinguished his political career. The motion for the inquiry was lost, though the powerful remarks of the mover drew from Mr. Pitt the following memorable confession: "All unlimited confidence is unconstitutional; and I hope the inglorious moment will never arrive, when this house will abandon the privilege of examining, condemning, and correcting the abuses in the executive government. It is the dearest privilege you possess, and should never be relinguished."

During the schisms occasioned in this country by the French revolution, Mr. Grey enrolled himself in a political society, called the Friends of the People. He also became a member of the Whig Club, then in the zenith of its celebrity. His active advocacy of the cause of a reform in parliament was equal within and without the house of commons. To quote one of his Lordship's most recent speeches, "In 1786 he had voted for reform. He had supported Mr. Pitt in his motion for shortening the duration of parliaments. He had given his best assistance to the measure of reform introduced by Mr. Flood, before the French revolution; and, on one or two different occasions, he had originated motions on the subject." [3] One of these was in 1793, when he presented a petition for reform and a shorter duration of parliament, from the Society of the Friends of the People: his motion for a committee was lost by 280 to 41. Another occasion to which his Lordship alludes, was in 1797, when he proposed, in his plan of parliamentary reform, to give to the county of York four new members; to divide each county into two districts, each returning a member. Copyholders and leaseholders were to have equal rights of voting with freeholders, as were all householders paying taxes in cities and boroughs; and parliaments were to be triennial. This motion was, however, negatived by 149 votes.

In 1795, Mr. Grey opposed with great firmness, Mr. Pitt's motion for the adjustment of the Prince of Wales's debts, and moved for the reduction of the Prince's income. He professed himself ready to support the real splendour of the royal family "as any slippery sycophant of a court;" but said he thought there was more true dignity in manifesting a heart alive to the distresses of millions, than in all those trappings which encumber royalty without adorning it. He asked whether the legislature should give an example of encouraging extravagance at a moment when the prevailing fashion of prodigality among people of fortune was rapidly destroying their independence, and making them the tools of the court, and the contempt of the people. He knew the refusal to pay his debts would be a severe privation to the Prince of Wales; but it would be a just penalty for the past, a useful lesson for the future, and a proper deference to the severe pressure and privations endured by the people. Mr. Grey's amendment was supported by what was then a strong majority—99 to 260; and the original motion carried: his conduct on this occasion seems never to have been forgotten by the Prince of Wales, the Regent or the King. It should here be mentioned, that, with equal justice, Mr. Grey subsequently defended the rights of His Royal Highness from the shackles proposed to be laid on him as Regent.

Mr. Grey's opposition to Mr. Pitt's measures continued unabated for many years, while he remained equally steady in his attachment to Mr. Fox. His bitter hostility to the union between Ireland and England may be said to have produced one of his most celebrated speeches. Neither was he dazzled, nor misled by the splendid talents of Burke, at this time in highest repute. When Mr. Fox was deserted by Lords Fitzwilliam, Carlisle, and other alarmists, Mr. Grey unchangingly adhered to him; and when Mr. Fox and Lord Grenville formed a Whig ministry, in 1806, Mr. Grey, then, by his father's elevation to the peerage, become Lord Howick, was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, and one of the Cabinet Council. He next succeeded Mr. Fox as Secretary for Foreign Affairs, and leader in the House of Commons. This ministry was ill-formed, and wanted unity of purpose: their abolition of the Slave Trade was a redeeming measure, in which Lord Howick bore a conspicuous part; but his lordship's motion for the emancipation of the Catholics brought about his dismissal from the ministry.

Lord Howick, soon after, by the death of his father, succeeded to the title of Earl Grey; and by the death of his uncle, Sir Henry Grey, to the family estate. Ill health, for a time, kept his lordship from public life: he retired with no place but that of a Governor of the Charter House, and without pension or sinecure. Upon the resignation of the Duke of Portland, in 1809, his successor, Mr. Perceval, proposed a coalition with Lords Grenville and Grey, which was at once rejected by the latter. In the following year, his lordship "felt it his duty to arraign and to expose the gross mismanagement of the government, and their repeated and dangerous misconduct," in Parliament. In the same session, he charged the lord chancellor (Eldon) with a crime little short of treason, in having set the great seal, in 1801 and 1804, to commissions for giving the royal assent to several bills, whilst the King was in a state of mental infirmity, under medical care, and subject to personal control. The motion was negatived by a majority of 189 to 64; "but Lord Eldon has not forgotten the accusation, or forgiven the mover." [4] In 1812, another attempt was made to bring Lord Grey, with Lord Grenville, into the cabinet; but this was rejected as promptly as before.

Lord Grey again retired to private life. In 1817, his lordship reappeared, and moved an amendment to the parliamentary address to the throne, urging rigid economy, retrenchment, and an inquiry into the state of the nation. In the same year he brought before the House of Lords, the notable circular of Lord Sidmouth for the prosecution of libels by magistrates. "It is a singular fact," observes an acute historical writer, [5] "that Lord Grey, on this occasion, made an able and erudite law argument; which all the law lords, including Lord Ellenborough, made vain efforts to refute; and which Lord Ellenborough had the manliness to eulogize;" notwithstanding which Lord Grey's motion for a copy of the opinion of the law officers of the crown was negatived.

During the trial of Queen Caroline, the wisdom-tempered zeal of Lord Grey ranked him amongst the most efficient, as he was the most eloquent, of her defenders: his lordship, in conjunction with Lord King, also made successive attempts, by motions, to quash the investigation.

To the administration of the Earl of Liverpool, it need scarcely be added, Earl Grey was thoroughly hostile: his aversion to the policy of Mr. Canning was equally decided; and the same independent spirit urged him to oppose the measures of the Wellington cabinet, except the memorable measure of Catholic Emancipation, by the proposal of which he had lost office in the year 1810. His lordship's eloquent efforts in this cause must be alive in the recollection of the reader.

We are now fast approaching the consummation of one of the grand objects of his lordship's political life. By the dissolution of the Wellington cabinet, in 1830, Lord Grey became at the head of the present administration. His first act was the introduction of the grand measure for parliamentary reform, which, for sixteen months past, has interested the whole population of this mighty empire. His lordship's emphatic expressions, on this occasion, are "familiar as household words." "He made it a condition on accepting office, that Parliamentary Reform should be introduced as a government measure. That condition having been assented to by his most gracious sovereign, by this measure he was prepared to stand or fall." Gratifying as would be the task, we need not detail the incidents of the last few months of his lordship's career. Our eulogium would be poor indeed, while nine-tenths of the journals of our country are perpetuating his good deeds; while his political integrity has become exemplary to every cabinet in Europe; and millions are about to burst forth in "the loud festivity of mirth" to celebrate the virtue of their popular minister.

Earl Grey married in 1794, Mary Elizabeth Brabazon, daughter of Lord Ponsonby, by whom his lordship has had a numerous family: the eldest son and heir apparent being Viscount Howick, born in 1802. In our outline of Lord Grey's public life, the reader may have observed his Lordship's fondness for the retirement of the domestic circle. This accords with his recent declaration in parliament: "he was fond of retirement, and in domestic life he lived happy in the bosom of his family. Nothing could have tempted him to embark on these stormy seas—

Bankrupt of life, but prodigal of ease—

nothing but an overpowering sense of the duty which he owed to his country." Even apart from political distinction, Earl Grey must be considered happy indeed; but honoured in public and cherished in private life, his pre-eminence is proud indeed. Shakspeare tells of the "divinity" that "doth hedge a king:" yet who would enjoy more than the consciousness of having been true to his sovereign, his country, and his honour.

INDEX.

ANECDOTE GALLERY, 277—291—309—375—404.

CORRESPONDENCE in each Number.

COSMOPOLITE, 170—179—211—237—276.

EMBELLISHED ARTICLES in each Number.

FINE ARTS, 90—139—150—164—198—218—393.

GATHERER in each Number.

MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF ALL NATIONS, 22—253—259—297—329—361—405.

NATURALIST, 27—38—56—150—183—245—265—297—311—383—425.

NOTES OF A READER, 23—55—73—92—100—140—152—168—180—200—220 —235—251—270—279——326—372—413—429.

NOVELIST, 44—59.

OLD POETS, 8.

RETROSPECTIVE GLEANINGS, 7—38—76—86—174—227—334—419.

SELECT BIOGRAPHY, 105.

SELECTOR, 9—40—69—84—107—121—137—157—172—185—216—228—254 —261—293—307—324—331—331—358—382—397—407—427.

SKETCH BOOK, 3—20—36—116—136—148—268—313.

SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY, 6—46—54—126—190—283—363—411.

SPIRIT OF PUBLIC JOURNALS, 12—28—42—62—77—91—102—118—133—155 —165—189—203—213—234—248—264—284—299—316—365—378—394 —413—420.

TOPOGRAPHER, 124—377.

USEFUL DOMESTIC HINTS, 15—83.

Abernethy, Mr., Anecdotes of, 40.

Abbot of Tewkesbury, the, 268

Abstract Studies, 292.

Academy Delia Crusca, Origin of, 406.

Adrian IV., Anecdotes of, 304.

Advent Customs, 22.

Advertisement Extraordinary, 240.

Affection of Animals, 266.

African Expedition, 7

Horse Race, 216.

Agricultural Societies, Ancient, 229.

Alhambra, Palace of, described, 337.

Alligator on the Ganges, 347.

Altrive Tales, by the Ettrick Shepherd, 254.

America,

Domestic Life in, 180—235—323

North, Birds of, 356

Prosperity of, 239.

American English, 236

Prejudice, 399

Women, conversation with, 182.

Anagrams, 16.

Anatomists, Skilful, 183.

Anecdotage, 375.

Angel of Departure, Song of, 168

Welcome, 168.

Angling, Hints on, 183.

Anglo-Saxon Dress, 407.

Animals, Superstition relative to, 170—178—211—237.

Anne Boleyn, 96.

Apologue, Oriental, 336.

Arabian Beauty, 157.

Arbalest, or Cross-bow explained, 161—210

of Robin Hood, 322.

Arcadian Child Sleeping, 157.

Archbishop, Dancing, 191.

Arctic Birds, rare, 354.

Ark of Noah and Mount Ararat, 382.

Arrows, Poisoned, 192.

Artillery Company, Origin of, 406.

Asmodeus in London, 29.

Ass, Persecution of the, 171.

Astronomical Toasts, 256.

Athenian Lover to his Mistress, 157.

Audubon, the Naturalist, 298.

Aviary in the Zoological Gardens, 273.

Babylon, Willows of, 411.

Backwoodsman of America, 201.

Ballad Singing, English, 370.

Bamborough Castle described, 327.

Bankrupt Court, the New, 159.

Bankside, Old, 193.

Barbarous Punishments, 253.

Bardic Chorus, 100.

Barn Owl, economy of, 27—38.

Barton Booth, the actor, 192.

Bathing, Nocturnal, 347.

Bear,

errors respecting, 179

Polar, habits of, 114.

Bed of Leaves, 207.

Bedford Level, 192

Missal, 192.

Bell-rock Lighthouse, 182.

Beranger, Song from, 370.

Beulah Spa, near Norwood, 225.

Bills of Mortality, Origin of, 76.

Biography, Splendid, 303.

Birds, Structure of, 311.

Birmingham Railway, 190.

Birth Song, 168.

Black Monday, 208.

Blondel de Nesle, a ballad, 28.

Blunder, Conversational, 292.

Bonington, the artist, 168.

Books, New, noticed and quoted:

Adventures of a Younger Son, 157—172.

Advice to Executors, 270.

Annual Biography and Obituary, for 1832, 40.

Arlington, 407.

Bath Guide, New, 94.

Book of Instruction, 93.

Britain's Historical Drama, 100.

British Relations with the Chinese Empire, 220.

Britton's Tunbridge Wells, 376.

Cabinet Annual Register for 1831, 334.

Chantilly, a Novel, 154.

Characteristic Sketches of Animals, by Landseer, 386.

Contarini Fleming, 429.

Contrast, by Earl Mulgrave, 293.

Domestic Manners of the Americans, 180—201.

Elements of Chemistry familiarly explained, 152.

Eugene Aram, 23—57—95—101—142.

Fair of May Fair, 331.

Francis I., a tragedy, by Miss F. Kemble, 170—185.

Frankland's Visit to Russia and Sweden, 84.

Georgian Era, 122—137—278.

Gleanings in Natural History, 245—265.

Hampden and his times, 140.

Herbert's Country Parson, 93.

History of the Reformation in

England, 9

Italian Republics, 121

Spain and Portugal, 398.

Hunchback, by J.S. Knowles, 279.

Indian Tale and other Poems, 373.

Knowledge for the People, 25—200—344.

Landers' Travels in Africa, 126—216—231.

Life of Gregory VII., by Sir Roger Greisley, 372.

Life and Reign of George IV., 280.

Lives of Eminent British Military Commanders, 358

British Painters, 168.

Maid of Elvar, by Allan Cunningham, 351.

Memoirs of Sir Ralph Esher, 105.

Messiah, by Montgomery, 397.

Outline of English History, 95.

Paris and its Historical Scenes, 69.

Pen and Pencil Sketches of India, by Capt. Mundy, 345.

Songs of the Gipsies, 232.

Summer Fête, by Moore, 12.

Tales of the Alhambra, by Washington Irving, 307—337 to 342—361

Early Ages, 261.

Time's Telescope for 1832, 71.

Tour of a German Prince, 143.

Transactions of the Society of Arts, 283.

Truth of Revelation demonstrated, 382—409—427.

Watts's New Year's Gift, 85.

Zoology of the Northern Parts of British America, 354.

"Boot, to," the phrase, 31.

Botany, Curiosities of, 25.

Bouts Rimés, Origin of, 191.

Box Wood, uses of, 15.

Brahmin Bull, the, 385.

Brazil, a day in, 150.

Brereton, the late Colonel, 105.

Brighton in 1743, 88—124.

British Artists Society,

Exhibition of, 198

Institution, Visit to, 164

Museum, the, 152

Warriors, 358.

Bull and Bear-baiting Theatres, 193.

Bullock, Mr., in America, 236.

Burial,

Science of, 165

Place in Tongatabu, 184.

Burke, Writings of, 357.

Burns, Birthday of, 73.

Bushy, owners of, 432.

Calves-head Roll, 416.

Camoens, fate of, 288.

Cambridge Freshman, 43.

Campagna Felice, 383.

Cape Town, Population of, 348.

Capillary Attraction, 303.

Caps, Laws respecting, 303.

Cardinal Spider, the, 266.

Caroline, Queen, death of, 278.

Catching Tigers, 160.

Catholic Religion, dramatic character of the, 189.

Cats, Superstitions relative to, 170.

Caviare to the Multitude, 271.

Cedar Wood, scent of, 342.

Chalk, none in America, 182.

Chancery Suit, to decide, 252.

Chapel at Hampton Wick, 376.

Char, habits of, 425.

Charles

II. at Epsom, 108

V., Palace of, in the Alhambra, 337.

Cheating in the Law, 252.

Chelsea

Heroines, 416

Pensioners, Longevity of, 416.

Chemistry, Familiar Elements of, 152.

Child in Prayer, Lines to a, 423.

Children,

Lines on, 8

Impromptu on, 189.

Chimney-piece, curious, at Exeter, 417.

China,

Picture of, 221

Varieties of, 324.

Chinese Proverbs, &c., 16.

Chit Chat of the Day, 394.

Cholera,

Vapour Bath in, 6—54

Notes on, 80—128.

Christ, Portrait of, 87—140.

Cincinnati,

Health in, 236

Letter from, 323.

Cincinnatus, Modern, 400.

Civil,

Death explained, 270

War, Lines on, 351.

Claret, Properties of, 192.

Clavering's Autobiography, 420.

Cleopatra's Needles, 291.

Coasting Scrap, 116.

Cock of the Arctic Plains, 355.

Cockney Horsemen, Hints to, 77.

Coffee,

as made in the East, 173

Shops in London, 222.

Coffin-maker, the, by the Hon. Mrs. Norton, 203.

Coin of Edward III., 275.

Colchester, Lord, 422.

Colosseum, Swiss Cottage at the, 258.

Colton, the late Mr., 403.

Comets, concussion of, with the Earth, 71.

Confessions of Serventius, 44—59.

Congreve,

at Dove Dale, 432

Rockets, 239.

Cornwall, Scene on the coast of, 313.

Cornwallis, Lord, Mausoleum of, in India, 423.

Count, a noble, 48.

Courage, Cool, 292.

Coventry Charity, 334.

Counterfeit Kings, 176.

Cowley, the poet, 105.

Cows in America, 236.

Crime, Progress of, 379.

Crocodiles on the Mississippi, 235.

Cromwell,

Lely's Portrait of, 109

his Fun, 112.

Cross-bow, History of the, 162.

Crowland Abbey, 228.

Crucifixion,

the, 398

Hilton's Picture of, 90.

Cumberland Titles, 239.

Curfew Bell, custom of, 253—273—307.

Dancers, Aged, 416.

David and Goliath, 411.

De Lolme, Politics of, 421.

Deer, errors respecting, 179.

Delft or Dutch Ware, 283.

Deluge, the, 382—410.

Demosthenes, Studies of, 291.

Devil's Sonata, the, 42.

Diamonds in Brazil, 234.

Dibdin, Rev. Dr., 423.

Dirge of Death, 168.

Dispute, an odd one, 373.

Dogs, Superstitions relative to, 171.

Doll's Eyes, Trade in, 336.

Drama, decline of, 55.

Druid's Chair, sitting in, 261.

Druids and Mistletoe, 336.

Drunkenness in old London, 176.

Ducks, instinct of, 426.

Duc de Bordeaux, the young, 271.

Dunheved Castle, described, 401.

Dutch Rushes, 426.

Dwarfs, Russian, 84.

Dying Maiden's Pardon to her faithless lover, 291.

Early Rising, 96.

East India Company, origin of, 221.

Echo Puns, 240.

Eclipse at Boossa, 281.

Economic Hints, 15.

Eels, economy of, 246.

Effrontery, 292.

Eggs, duty on, 336.

Egypt,

court of, a sketch, 413

researches in, 96.

Elegy, from the German, 291.

Elliston and the Ass' Head, 91.

Emu,

economy of, 267

house, 273.

Encroachers on Commons, 20.

Entomology, curious fact in, 298.

Epitaphs, in Wiltshire, 48.

Epsom Races, origin of, 329—361.

Ettrick Shepherd, dinner to, 73.

Eugene Aram, scene from, 23—56—95—102.

Evening,

lines to, 147

lines on, 352.

Every man in his humour, 36.

Expedition, African, 7.

Facetiae of Hierocles, 24.

Fairies, lines on, 8.

Fame, lines on, 352.

Farmer, Dr. of Cambridge, 421.

Fashion, ennui of, 326.

Feathers, economy of collecting, 83.

Felony, classic, 384.

Fiddling, poetry, 400.

Fights of wild beasts, 346.

Fines and Recoveries, 252.

Fire of London, 109.

Fire Temples in Persia, 297.

First born, a song, 156.

Fish, superstitions respecting, 212.

Fishing in Canada, 210.

Fishmongers'

Arms, 17

Hall, ancient, 17.

Fitzherbert, Mrs., 143.

Floating Scheme, 76.

Fortune-telling in high life, 144.

Forty-ninth Birthday, 133.

Fowler, Sir Thomas, his Lodge at Islington, 392.

Fox's Book of Martyrs characterized, 10.

Fox-hunting, expenses of, 223.

Fragments on Human Life, 115.

Franking Letters, 160.

Frederick I. of Prussia, 47.

French

Cruelty, 292

Drama, scene from, 118

Literature, recent, 349

Revolution, scenes from, 62—69.

Friendship, lines on, 224.

Fright, effects of, 7.

Fuel, economical, 15.

Galley Slaves, a tale, 299.

Gardens and promenades, 399.

Garratt Election, 415.

Garrick Club, 144.

George

I. and II. anecdotes of, 277—278

II., humanity of, 400

IV., character of, 123—280.

Gipsey Fortune-teller, lines to, 164.

Glass, enamel paintings on, 219.

Gleanings in Natural History, 245—265.

Glee, a legal one, 251.

Gluttony, royal and noble, 35.

Goats, fabulous account of, 170.

God, supremacy of, 9.

Goldsmith, Oliver, 147.

Good Samaritan, parable of, 410.

Gorhambury, fete at, 304.

Governess, qualifications for, 176.

Greek Sailors, 76.

Greenwich Hospital, 400.

Groaning Tree of Baddesley, 419.

Grouse, rocky mountain, 356.

Gurnard and Sprat, habits of, 311.

Gutting the Fish, 64.

Hail at Lausanne, 342.

Half-hanged Anne Green, 47.

Hainet and Raschid, a tale, 82.

Hamlet, ditty in, 32.

"Happy Jerry," anecdotes of, 273.

Harlow's Triul of Queen Katherine, 219.

Haydon's Pictures, 150—218.

Heating with Hot Water, 411.

Heating Rooms, 152.

Heckington, Holy Sepulchre at, 19.

Hemans, Mrs., sketch of, 358.

Henri III. of France, 154.

Henry I., speech of, 38.

Henry VII., character of England by, 304.

Hindoo Burial Service, 406.

Hip! Hip! Hurra! origin of, 208.

Hogg, James, dinner to, 73.

Hogs in America, 182.

Hoadley and Oldfield's Paintings on Glass, 219.

Hobbes at Chatsworth, 404.

Hobby-horse, the, 228.

Holly Leaves, medicinal use of, 412.

Holy Land, 228.

Hope, lines on, 34.

Horace Walpole, 421.

Horse Racing, origin of in England, 329—361.

Human Life, fragments on, 115.

Humbug, origin of, 159.

Humming-bird, a song, 323.

Hurley in Berkshire, account of, 419.

Hyaena, fables of, 171.

Hyde Park in America, 399.

Iceland, desolation of, 96.

Inclosure Acts, 252.

Infancy, lines on, 318.

Ink Spots, to remove, 84.

Insects, superstitions respecting, 180—211.

Instinct allied to reason, 246.

Iron Trade, British, 46.

Irish character, traits of, 291.

Isabel of Spain, character of, 415.

Isaiah, lines on, 398.

Italian

Climate, 383

Inn, 383

Landscape, 383.

Italian Warfare, character of, 121.

Italy, Horticultural Tour in, 382.

Jackal, errors respecting, 179.

Jardin de Plantes, described, 85.

Jay, remarkable, 298.

Jests of the Ancients, 24.

Justice, laconic, 76.

Kemble, Miss, Tragedy by, 170—185.

Kensington Palace, expenses of, 302.

King John at the Cape, 347.

King of Kippen, the, 303.

Knaresborough Castle, 142.

Knight's Return, the, 244.

Labourers' Friend Society, 148.

Laconics, or Guesses at Truth, 52—67—82—242—196—99.

Lady, lines to, on her age, 370.

Lady Chapel, Southward, 97—131.

Lamp, primitive one, 288.

Lancashire, improvement of, 326.

Landers' Journey to the Niger, 126—216—229—281.

Lark, lines to, 211.

Last Dying Speech and Confession of the Immortal Gods, 264.

Law of Arrest, the, 155.

Law Institution in Chancery Lane, 33—53.

Laws, ancient, 227.

Leather, manufacture of in Canada, 368.

Legal Rhymes, 197.

Lemons, sweet, 383.

Leopards, hunting with, 347.

Letter from London, 15.

Liberty in Rome, 121.

Library, a queer one, 272.

Light on the ears of a horse, 425.

Lions, tame, 32.

Lizard and Crocodile, 180.

London, Philosophy of, 133.

London and the Provinces Compared, 316.

Love, Court and Country, 372.

Love of Country, 352.

Love, French-English, 32.

Love's Kerchief, 35.

Lowther Arcade, the, 210.

Loyalist, a staunch one, 256.

Lulworth, a day at, 102.

Lyall's Geology, extract from, 57.

Lynx, errors respecting, 179.

Lyons, city of, 32.

Macauley, Mrs., 421.

Madagascar, isle of, 172.

Magdalenes in church, 320.

Magic, state of, in Egypt, 248.

Maid's First Love, 352.

Man, agency of in extinguishing and spreading the species, 57.

Manager, duties of, 287.

Manchester Botanic Garden at, 129.

Manna, fall of, 427.

Manorial Right, curious, 23.

March of Mind, 178.

Marlborough, Life of, 359.

Mariguano, battle of, 122.

Marketing in America, 237.

Marriage Tree, 256.

Martinet, the, 213.

Martin's Picture on Glass, 219.

Martyr Student, the, 120.

Mary of Cambria, a sonnet, 388.

Massena's Tomb in Pere la Chaise, 357.

Mauritius, the, 172.

May Day Games, 259.

Melrose Abbey, history of, 241.

Men compared with Bees, 285.

Milan, Panorama of, 392.

Minstrelsy of Scotland, 352.

Mirabeau, character of, 422.

Modern Building, 134.

Monkey-houses, in the Zoological Gardens, 114.

Monkey Island, 369.

Moorhen, the, 266.

Morning in London, 134.

Morning, lines to, 99.

Morrice Dances of Robin Hood, 260.

Mortality in the Reign of William IV., 208.

"Mother Carey's Chickens," origin of, 306.

Moving Houses in America, 237.

Munden, biography of, 105.

Mungo Park, death of, 229.

Music,

effect of, 223

old English, 189.

Muswell Hill, origin of, 304.

My Fire, a sketch, 20.

Napier, Hon. Mrs., a sketch, 3.

Napoleon

at St. Helena, 403

's residence at St. Helena, 348

tomb, 374.

Naples, fruit at, 384.

Nasmyth, the artist, 139.

Naturalists', three enthusiastic, 183.

Navy, ancient British, 7—86.

New South Wales, society in, 318.

New Zealand, islands in, 7.

Newton,

his mode of study, 193

's Weather-wisdom, 288.

Newtown Pippin, the, 399.

Nicknames, 175.

Niger,

river, night on, 126

sailing on the, 231.

Night, lines on, 8.

Nightmare, lines on, 98.

Nobles of Johanna, 207.

Non-proposals, or Doubts resolved, 284.

Northcote and William III., 41.

"Nothing Impossible," 274.

Odd Story, 111.

Opera, the Italian, 397.

Optics, witty, 112.

Owl,

the barn, 27—38

the white-horned of the Arctic regions, 354.

Paganini, a singing, 112.

Painted Window of the Crucifixion, 90.

Palankeen Travelling in India, 345.

Palming in Italy, 383.

Pancras Old Church described, 289—388.

Pantomimes, expenses of, 80.

Parks, the royal, 267.

Parliament, curious, 335.

Pastimes, ancient, 405.

Patriarchal Times, 397.

Pelican House, 273.

Penderell Jewel, 276.

Penitential Habit, origin of, 398.

Pepper, Arden, anecdote of, 420.

Personal Injuries, pecuniary compensation for, 276.

Philosopher's Stone, the, 288.

Phrenology, Illustrations of, 240.

Pictures, new, gossip on, 395.

Piercy Islands, 145.

Pig Scavengers in America, 236.

Pike, habits of the, 266.

Pilgrim's Progress, beauties of, 77.

Pin Money explained, 271.

Plague, great, in the fifteenth century, 430.

Plank, unlucky one, 368.

Plough described, 304.

Poetry of Ancient Days, 276.

Polynesian Islands, 145.

Poisoned Valley in Java, 6.

Pontefract Castle, history of, 50.

Pontine Marshes, 383.

Porcupine and Hedgehog, 179.

Porter, Anna Maria, 422.

Pottery, manufacture of, 283—324—363.

Prairies, origin of, 46.

Premiers of England, 320.

Presbyterian Churches in Cincinnati, 202.

Property, nature of, 252.

Prussic Acid, poisonous to vegetables, 412.

Psalter, illuminated, 178.

Punishments in the reign of Charles II., 87.

Pyramids, the, 224.

Quadrant, the Regent's, 133.

Quarantine in America, 192.

Queen Anne's Spring, near Eton, 248.

Queen Consorts, rights of, 270.

Railway, Marine, 412.

Rainbow, phenomenon of, 427.

Raphael China, 283.

Raven and Dove at the Deluge, 410.

Reading at Meals, 176.

Recollections of a Wanderer, 313.

Recreations in the Law, 251.

Reformation in England, 9.

Revenue and Debt of European States, 3.

Rhapsody on Nature, 373.

Rhinoceros, the, 179.

Rhinoceros Bird, history of, 312.

Rich Man, the true, 175.

Robert the Devil, Castle and Cavern of, 66.

Robin in Bushy Park, 267.

Robin Hood and May Games, 261.

Rook-shooting, cruelty of, 266.

Rousseau at Dove Dale, 432.

Rural peace, lines on, 351.

Russel, origin of the house of, 334.

Sailors, superstition of, 270.

St. Albans,

duchess of, 144

Bride's, parish registers of, 335

Helena, Captain Mundy's visit to, 348—403.

Saline Spa near Norwood, 227.

Saviour, address to the, 398.

Scandal-loving letter, 407.

Scottish,

Economy, 132—244

Literary Dinner, 73

Sporting, 136—148.

Scriptural,

Antiquities, 382—409—427

Heraldry, 404.

Sea Serpent, the, 212.

Seals, the, by J.S. Knowles, 302.

Sermons, plain, 416.

Serpents, superstitions respecting, 212.

Servants, duty of, 271.

Serventius, confessions of, 44.

Shakespeariana, 389.

Shark's Bay, adventure in, 173.

Sharp, the astronomer, 293.

Shaving, origin of, 192.

Shavings, waste of, 83—132.

Shelley,

eccentricities of, 420

P.B. at Oxford, 12—264.

Sheridan, anecdotes of, 137.

Sheriffs of London and Middlesex, 252.

Ships, names of, 288.

Shrew-mouse, the, 179.

Shrimps, inquiries on, 20.

Signs, origin of, 160.

Silk from Spiders, 412.

Singapore, sketch of, 35.

Sismondi, politics of, 420.

Sisters, four learned, 335.

Sitting in the Druid's Chair, 261.

Skulls, grinning, 101.

Skylark, claws of the, 245.

Skylark, a song, 323.

Slaughter, family, 368.

Slippery Love, 256.

Smuggling, extraordinary, 48.

Snake, habits of the, 342.

Snowdrop, address to, 132.

Social distinctions in America, 237.

Songs of the Gipsies, 232.

Songs found in a Grecian Urn, 156.

Song in imitation of Cowley, 419.

Songs by a Delia Cruscan poet, 323.

Songs, by T. Moore, 12.

Song by J.S. Knowles, 423.

Song of Pitcairn's Island, 232.

Sonnet on Love, 357.

Sorrow, concealed, 399.

Soizthey, recollections of, 254.

Spanish characteristics, 361.

Spanish scenery, charms of, 307.

Spanish superstition, 413.

Squares in London, 133.

Staines New Bridge, described, 321.

Starvation, ancient, 384.

Stones, speaking and moving, 101.

Sugar Cane of Otaheite, 27.

Sugar consumed in England, 222.

Sun-fish, the short, 425.

Surrey Zoological Gardens, 2.

Sutton Wash Embankment, 46.

Swelled Ancles, 160.

Swift at Moore Park, 422.

Swimming, Hints on, 3.

Swine, errors respecting, 171.

Swiss Cottage at the Colosseum, 258.

Tailors, renowned, 77.

Tait's Edinburgh Magazine, 213.

Talleyrand, anecdote of, 256.

Tea, facts relative to, 220—222.

Tea, price of, 245.

Theatres, ancient English, 193.

Theatrical Property in France, 320.

Thief, how to detect, 272.

Three Death's Heads, 431.

Thrush, habits of the, 265.

Tigers, sortie of, 345.

Time's Telescope for 1832, 71.

Tinto, the river, 299.

Toads,

in Jersey, 267

poison of, 426

superstition respecting, 180.

Toast of a Scotch Peer, 287.

Tobacco,

in Cholera, 412

and snuff, virtues of, 96.

Tom and Jerry, ancient, 16.

Tomato Sauce, to make, 15.

Town and village defined, 175.

Trade, ancient, 128.

Travelling Notes in South Wales, 20—147.

Trout tickling in Ireland, 234.

Tucopia, isle of, 145.

Tunbridge Wells, sketches of, 376.

Tunnel in Regent's Park, 114.

Turenne, Marshal, 272.

Turkey, skeleton of, 312.

Twa Burdies, the, 91.

Under, house of, 69.

Unlucky present, a tale, 309.

Valentines, ancient, 178.

Valletort, Viscount, lines to, 378.

Vampire Bat, 40.

Vapour Bath in Cholera, 6—55.

Vegetable Wonders, 200.

Vegetation, curious facts in, 344.

Venice described, 429.

Venice, sonnet to, 69.

Ventilation of Rooms, 152.

Victor Hugo,

drama by, 118

lines by, 318.

Village,

Cemetery, the, 216

Hampden, 175.

Virginia Water, cascade at, 81—210.

Visit to the Morgue, at Paris, 349.

Voices of the Night, 259.

Waller, the poet, tomb of, 233.

War Song against the Chinese, 14.

Warton, Thomas, the poet, 421.

Washington Irving, Medwin, and Grattan, 421.

Water from the Rock in Horeb, 428.

Watering-places in the fifteenth century, 431.

Waverley Novels, character of, 284—365.

Waverley Novels,

heroines of, 365

Plots of, 366

Scenic description, 366

Scott and Shakspeare, 367

Style, 367.

Weather Rhymes, by the Monks, 228.

Wedgewood's Ware, manufacture of, 363.

Weighing in the Balance, 429.

West, sign painted by, 432.

Western Church, corruption of, 372.

Westminster Hall, Old, 251.

Whale Chase in the Hebrides, 297.

Widow, paraphernalia of, 271.

Wife, an American one, 272.

Wilderness described, 397.

William IV. and Queen Adelaide, 143.

William Tell, legend of, 430.

Wills of bachelors, 271

curious facts respecting, 270

compulsory, 271

of criminals, 271.

Wilton Castle, history of, 305.

Windsor Castle from the N.E., 177.

Wine,

bramble, to make, 15

grape, to make, 15.

Wit, lines on, 9.

Witchcrafts in 1647, 174.

Wolf,

anecdotes of, 171

Dog in Cumberland, 426.

Woodpecker, arctic, 356.

Wordsworth, recollections of, 255.

Wreck, lines on the, 322.

Xenophon, picture by Haydon, 218.

Zebu, or Indian Ox, the, 385.

Zoological Gardens,

Regent's Park, 114—273—385

picture of, 386.

Zoological Gardens,

Surrey, 1—273

Society, report of, 275.

LIST OF SIXTY-THREE ENGRAVINGS

IN THE PRESENT VOLUME.

STEEL-PLATE PORTRAIT OF THE RT. HON. EARL GREY.

Three Views in the Surrey Zoological Gardens.

Fishmongers' Hall.

—————Arms.

Law Institution, Chancery Lane.

Pontefract Castle.

Castle of Robert the Devil.

Cavern of Robert the Devil.

Cascade at Virginia Water.

Brighton in 1743.

Lady Chapel, St. Saviour, Southwark.

Three Views in the Zoological Gardens.

Entrance to the Botanic Garden, Manchester.

Tucopia, in the Southern Pacific Ocean.

Piercy Islands.

Seven Cuts of the Arbalest, or Cross-Bow.

Windsor Castle (N.E. View.)

Burial-place in Tongatabu.

Ancient Bankside.

Two Cuts of Bull and Bear-baiting Theatres.

Lowther Arcade, West Strand.

Beulah Saline Spa, Norwood.

Tomb of the poet, Waller.

Melrose Abbey.

Queen Anne's Spring, near Eton.

Swiss Cottage at the Colosseum.

Bay-Window at ditto.

Three Cuts of the Zoological Gardens.

"Happy Jerry.

" St. Pancras (Old) Church.

Fire Temples in Persia.

Wilton Castle, on the Wye.

Skeleton of the Turkey.

Rhinoceros Bird.

Staines New Bridge.

Bamborough Castle.

The Alhambra, in Spain.

Palace of Charles V.

White-horned Arctic Owl.

Cock of the Plains.

Legs and Feet of Mountain Grouse.

Claw of Woodpecker.

Monkey Island.

Hampton-wick Chapel.

Brahmin Bull.

———Shed.

Sir Thomas Fowler's Lodge, Islington.

Dunheved Castle.

Ancient Chimney Piece at Exeter.

Lord Cornwallis's Monument.

Footnote 1: (return)

Wilton Castle, on the Wye, was for several centuries the baronial residence of the Greys of the South, who derived from it their first title, and became its owners in the time of Edward I.—See Mirror, vol. xiv. p. 305.

Footnote 2: (return)

The barony of Werke was given to the family of Ros, Barons of Hemsley, in Yorkshire, by Henry I. for the service of two knights' fees, and was in their possession till 1399; but in the next year was found to belong to Sir Thomas Grey, of Heton. It gave title of baron in 1622, to Sir William Grey, who died in 1674. The village of Werke, and its ruined castle, are all that remain of the possessions of the barony; the former consisting of a miserable cluster of thatched cottages; the latter of mere fragments of ashlar work, near its foundations and lines of its moat. The village stands on the margin of the Tweed: and the castle is celebrated in the border annals. Heton, of which we have just spoken, in Edward the First's reign, belonged to William de Heton; and in the next reign, to Sir Thomas Grey, captain of Norham Castle. Sir John Grey, of Heton, in 1420, was graced with the order of St. George, or the Garter; and from him the estate descended to the Tankervilles.

Footnote 3: (return)

Speech on the second reading of the Reform Bill, in the House of Lords, Oct. 4, 1831.

Footnote 4: (return)

Life and Reign of George IV. by William Wallace, Esq. 3 vols. 1831.

Footnote 5: (return)

Life and Reign of George IV. By W. Wallace, Esq. 3 vols. 1831.

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Table of Contents

THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.

ORIGINAL ESSAYS;

FROM

THE SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS;

DISCOVERIES IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES;

USEFUL DOMESTIC HINTS;

&c. &c. &c.

——— VOL. XIX. ——— LONDON:

1832.

EARL GREY, K.G.,

PREFACE.

MEMOIR

OF

THE RIGHT HON. CHARLES GREY,

EARL GREY, K.G.,

FIRST LORD OF HIS MAJESTY'S TREASURY, &c. &c.

DE BON VOULOIR SERVIR LE ROI.—Family Motto.

INDEX.

LIST OF SIXTY-THREE ENGRAVINGS

IN THE PRESENT VOLUME. STEEL-PLATE PORTRAIT OF THE RT. HON. EARL GREY.

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE