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Title: Ditching Procedure, B-29s with Four-Gun Turret

Creator: United States. Army Air Forces

Release date: November 23, 2021 [eBook #66799]

Language: English

Original publication: United States: U.S. Army Air Force

Credits: Stephen Hutcheson, Sue Clark and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DITCHING PROCEDURE, B-29S WITH FOUR-GUN TURRET ***

HEADQUARTERS, PYOTE ARMY AIR FIELD

Office of the Director of Training

Pyote, Texas

12 June 1945

SUBJECT:

Ditching Procedure, B-29's with Four-Gun Turret

TO:

All Holders of 2AF manuals 50-26, 50-27, 50-37, 50-43, 50-56 and 100-7 Sec. IV

1. In accordance with 2AF Ltr. 50-36, 2 June 1945, the inclosed procedures are effective immediately and will be inserted in all copies of the above-listed manuals now in use or to be issued for use.

By order of Lt. Col. ZUMWALT:

HENRY E. BERGSCHNEIDER,

Major, Air Corps,

Training Secretary.

(2AF Manuals 50-26, 50-27, 50-56, 50-37, 50-43, 100-7 Sec. IV. Rev 2 June 1945.)

DITCHING PROCEDURE

1. The first series of ditching positions for the B-29 were suggested by the "BOEING AIRCRAFT COMPANY", manufacturers of the aircraft. These positions were on trial, but were as logical as could be devised without actual ditching experience. The Boeing procedure and its various modifications have all been steps in the right direction. Changes have been based on actual ditching experience and procedures set forth here are results of all ditching experiences to date. They are not to be considered permanent. As new ditching characteristics of the B-29 are learned, they will be incorporated to assure the safest procedures possible.

2. The importance of these approved methods cannot be stressed too highly. Modifications in these procedures may NOT be made at the discretion of the airplane commander.

3. Experience to date proves that ditching characteristics of the B-29 are superior to those of any other aircraft now used by the Army Air Forces. The greatest factor in ditching is the airplane's buoyancy qualities. The B-29 has demonstrated, even during mediocre ditchings, that it will stay afloat for long periods and does not sink easily. On a moderately successful ditching, the aircraft is apt to stay afloat for at least ten (10) minutes and may float for several hours.

4. Ditching impacts are severe. Every precaution must be taken to pad against impact in the ditching position. Parachute, cushions, clothing, etc., will be used for this purpose. During impact the individual's head must be well protected. The flak helmet will be worn only when the head can be braced against something substantial. In all positions, the legs should be flexed to absorb the effects of a sudden jar.

5. When injured crew members are aboard they will be put in the proper positions and/or supported between the legs of other crew position. This may be difficult, but it has proven successful on numerous occasions.

6. Ditching position practice, as a part of completed ditching drill, is a "MUST" for all combat crews. Every step in ditching procedure must be practiced and learned thoroughly by the entire crew as a unit, in order to eliminate confusion. Practice it against time until the entire process becomes second nature.

Paragraphs 7 through 91 are Ditching Procedure instructions for the various B-29 crew positions. These are reproduced separately for insertion in the applicable S.O.P.'s for these positions.

92. If time permits, take one or more parachutes from the ditched aircraft. The silk can be used to catch rain water and the shrouds have no end of use. The web belt, which supports the canteen, should be buckled on after removal of flak vests.

93. Prior to ditching all escape hatches will be jettisoned or opened to prevent jamming in the event that the fuselage accordions.

94. An important phase of crew cooperation is the estimation of time remaining aloft and the position where the ditching will take place. The most efficient Air-Sea Rescue Agency is only as efficient as the cooperation it receives from crews in distress. The rescue agency must get notification of the ditching and the position. Crews must practice transmitting procedure until it becomes S.O.P. The engineer, with the information available, will make an estimate as to the time remaining aloft. This information will to passed to the navigator, who, on the basis of the information supplied, will estimate the position of ditching. The position will be given to the radio operator who will transmit the information to personnel who can effect a rescue.

95. This system of cooperation will not always be applicable, but it is a framework for crew cooperation.

EQUIPMENT:

96. Combat crews are subject to last-minute changes in aircraft. Therefore, it is essential to standardize the location of emergency equipment within the aircraft. Individual responsibility for the removal of this equipment must also be fixed.

97. The locations of the emergency equipment are based on their accessibility for the crews when in ditching position.

98. The later B-29 aircraft are equipped with the new modified E-2 raft. This raft has its accessory kit lashed to the raft itself. The older type utilizes the A-3 raft which stows the accessory kit in the airplane proper.

CHANGES:

99. As new developments are made in the Air-Sea Rescue field, existing procedures and equipment will be modified. Research in this field is being conducted in the United States as well as in the theatres of operation. The new information, as it becomes available, will to disseminated to the units of the command via publications and by Personal Equipment Officers.

----------END----------

100. A combat crew thoroughly trained in procedures and equipment is a crew with plenty of life assurance which may, one day, pay the largest kind of dividend----HUMAN LIFE------.

On this page in the original, the "DITCHING PROCEDURE" block shown below (items "a" through "i" and the two "NB" items) was struck out with a large, red "X". Revised Radio Operator ditching procedure instructions were provided on the subsequent page.

B-29--11-MAN CREW

RADIO OPERATOR DITCHING PROCEDURE

a.

Acknowledge in turn: "RADIO OPERATOR DITCHING."

b.

Remove parachute harness, flak suit and winter flying boots.

c.

Transmit position, course, altitude, and ground speed as received from Navigator on DF. Relay fix or bearings obtained to Navigator.

d.

Give DF contact all data without waiting too long for answer.

e.

Destroy classified material.

f.

Continue to send emergency signals. On command, from Pilot to take ditching position, screw down transmitter key.

g.

Remain at Radio Operator's seat with safety belt fastened, resting cushioned back and head against upper turret wall.

h.

After airplane comes to rest, exit through astrodome.

i.

Inflate life vest and proceed to right wing.

NB

Get Gibson Girl (SCR578) out.

NB

On two gun turrets seated on floor back against read of Engineer's panel, or braced in seat.

CRASH LANDING

a.

Sends position report obtained from Navigator.

b.

Take sitting position on floor with back against Pilot's armor plate. Squeeze in with Flight Engineer and brace foot across the aisle. Pad with chute and cushion.

Exit: Pilot's (right) window. 2EX, Engineer's hatch.

Quick Crash: Lay on floor with feet against engineer's panel or ditching position.

BAILOUT

a.

Destroy classified material etc.

b.

Send position obtained from Navigator.

Exit: 1st man out nose wheel well. 2EX, bomb-bay.

Two different pages were in the original for the Radio Operator's Ditching Procedure. This is the second page.

2 June 1945    Emergency Procedure B-29    11 or 12 Man Crew

Radio Operator Ditching Procedure

1. Acknowledge in turn. "RADIO OPERATOR DITCHING."

2. Remove parachute harness, flak suit, and winter flying boots. Wear flying gloves if possible.

3. Destroy classified materials: Check IFF setting.

4. Continue to send emergency signals. On command of the Pilot, clamp down transmitter key.

5. Lower the trailing antenna full length, watch current meter and notify AC of height above water when it grounds. (100-110 feet)

6. Pocket remaining two smoke grenades or put in shirt front. Keep grenades in cases.

7. Remain in position with safety belt fastened; facing aft, with back, shoulders and head pressing against upper turret wall as close to center as possible, cushioning back and head with parachutes, bracing legs against bulkhead.

8. After forward movement of aircraft has ceased, pull both life raft release handles.

9. Exit through astrodome to right life raft.

N.B. Set Gibson Girl (SCR 578) out.

Radio Operator Crash Landing

1. Sends position report obtained from Navigator.

2. Take sitting position on floor with back against Pilot's armor plate. Squeeze in with Flight Engineer and brace foot across the aisle. Pad with chute and cushion.

Exit: Engineer's hatch. Secondary Exit: Pilot's window.

Radio Operator Bailout

1. Destroy classified material.

2. Send position obtained from Navigator.

Exit: Nose wheel well, 2nd. Secondary Exit: Bomb-bay.

Radio Operator Take-Off

1. Take-off position: In seat.

2. Procedure: Fasten safety belt. Face aft and brace head with hands behind neck, shoulders and back against upper turret. If time permits, remove astrodome prior to crash.

3. Exit: Remove parachute and exit through astrodome.

RADIO OPERATORS SUPER-FORTRESS FUSE CHART

RADIO SET

FUSE RATING

NUMBER AND LOCATION

PURPOSE

274N COMMAND RECEIVER

10 Amp.

One active and one spare in each rec.

In low V. line to dyn.

274N COMMAND MODULATOR

20 Amp.

2 active on right end of modulator and two spare on the left end

In low V. line to dyn.

in L.V. line to heaters.

348 LIAISON RECEIVER

5 Amp.

In the receiver proper.

In L.V. line to dyn.

AN/ART-13 COLLINS TRANSMITTER.

1 Amp.

In dynamotor proper.

Breaks H.V. line if press. relay fails.

Two circuit breakers on the base of the Collins dyn.

In L.V. input to dyn & L.V. input Xmitter.

269G or AN/ARN 7 RADIO COMP.

5 Amp.

One active and one spare in radio compass relay shield.

Removes 115 V. 400 cycle from set.

RC-43 MARKER BEACON RECEIVER

10 Amp.

One active and one spare in radio compass relay shield.

Removes L.V. from Radio Comp. & Marker Beacon.

RC-36-B Interphone

15 Amp.

1 active & 1 spare in radio comp. relay shld.

In L.V. line to dyn.

AN/AIC-2 Interphone

One circuit breaker somewhere near the amplifier.

In L.V. line to dyn.

ANTENNA REEL

10 Amp.

Between bomb bays in fuse box #183

Removes L.V. from motor.

ANTENNA REEL RELAY

2 Amp.

1 active & 1 spare in radio comp. relay shld.

Removes L.V. from relay.

522 VHF COMMAND

40 Amp.

Fuse box #862 located on right side fire control room. May have reset switch instead.

In L.V. line to dynamotor

595/695 IFF

10 Amp.

1 active & 1 spare in radio comp. relay shld.

In L.V. line to dynamotor

RADIO OPERATORS SUIT

20 Amp.

Engineers Aft fuse panel.

Removes power from suit.

RC 103 (B/L) BC-733-D Lateral receiver.

10 Amp.

One active and one spare in Junction Shield, fuse box #586 located behind A/C seat.

In L.V. line to dynamotor

AN-ARN-5A (B/L) R-89/ARN-5A Vertical glide path receiver.

10 amp circuit breaker

On front of Junction Shield, (fuse box #586) behind A/C's seat.

In L.V. input to the set.

The set has no dynamotor.

Transcriber's notes:

1. This is the ditching procedure specifically for a Radio Operator on a B-29.

2. In item #93, "all excape hatches" changed to "all escape hatches".

3. Correction in original to first ditching procedure, "BAILOUT" section, item "b.": "1st man out" (typed) changed to "2nd man out" (handwritten.)

*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DITCHING PROCEDURE, B-29S WITH FOUR-GUN TURRET ***

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