The Project Gutenberg eBook of 故事新讀本: 第一冊 This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. Title: 故事新讀本: 第一冊 Editor: Yiming Wang Release date: May 2, 2022 [eBook #67976] Language: Chinese Original publication: China: Dadong Shuju Credits: Ronald Grenier (This file was produced from images generously made available by the HathiTrust Digital Library. *** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 故事新讀本: 第一冊 *** 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　初級小學 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　故事新讀本 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第一冊 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　上海大東書局發行 編輯大意 　一　本書共分四冊。是小學四年以内的課外讀物。 　二　本書畧分系統。每冊二十節。均分兩個系統。全書可分智慧、勤學、修養、明察、 　　　非戰、勇敢、博愛、特技八系。 　三　本書每節標題。仿小説回目體。擇相類的故事兩則。列在一處。極易引起閲讀的興味。 　四　本書文字。注重文學的描寫。文法力求淺顯。便于兒童自由閲讀之用。 　五　本書每篇之末。坿列參考一項。以免學者檢查。 第一冊目錄 　一　　文彥博灌穴取球　　　　　　　　　一 　二　　司馬光破缸救人　　　　　　　　　二 　三　　諸葛恪兩字題驢　　　　　　　　　二 　四　　曹子建七步成詩　　　　　　　　　三 　五　　曹冲知象輕重　　　　　　　　　　四 　六　　晉帝辨日遠近　　　　　　　　　　五 　七　　徐孺子一言解囚困　　　　　　　　六 　八　　白居易七月識之無　　　　　　　　七 　九　　王戎不食道旁李　　　　　　　　　八 　十　　管輅畫地作天文　　　　　　　　　九 　十一　江泌讀書借月色　　　　　　　　　十 　十二　祖瑩好學蔽燈光　　　　　　　　　十一 　十三　楊爵燃薪代燭　　　　　　　　　　十二 　十四　陸羽種蕉代紙　　　　　　　　　　十三 　十五　朱買臣擔柴　　　　　　　　　　　十四 　十六　李玄邃乘牛　　　　　　　　　　　十五 　十七　張無垢石上足跡　　　　　　　　　十六 　十八　江夏王窗下手書　　　　　　　　　十七 　十九　盲目盧太翼　　　　　　　　　　　十八 　二十　懸頭孫閉户　　　　　　　　　　　十九 （一）　文彥博灌穴取球 {文彥博}是古代的聰明人。他小時候有一件聰明的故事。 有一天，{文彥博}和幾個小朋友，在一塊地方拍球；正是興髙采烈的時候，那球忽然掉到樹 根子上一個很深的洞裏去了。 [圖：文彥博把水倒在洞中，球浮在水上] 球落在樹洞裏後，有個孩子用手去挖，但是那裏挖得著；睜著眼睛看，又那裏看得見急得 許多孩子，有的撅著嘴不做聲，有的眼淚汪汪將要哭出來。忽然一個孩子去打一盆水來， 大家都説：『你拿這水來有什麼用呢？』打水的是誰？就是聰明的{文彥博}。 {文彥博}一聲不響，把水倒在洞中。水才倒完，球忽然浮起來。這時候眼淚汪汪的笑起來了， 不做聲的也叫起來了，都説：『咦！水怎麼會給我們拿球出來呢！』小朋友，你們知道是 什麼緣故？ {文彥博}　{宋}朝人，號{寬夫}，{仁宗}時進士。為官五十多年，出將入相，極有功績。 （二）　司馬光破缸救人 和{文彥博}同時的，還有一位聰明的孩子，叫{司馬光}。{司馬光}小時候，也喜歡和小朋 友們頑耍。一天，在院子裏頑得正上勁，不知怎的一個孩子掉在盛滿水的缸裏去了。 這水缸真大，足有五六尺髙，不用説跌在缸裏的孩子没法爬起來，就是其餘的孩子，也 没法去拉他出來；只得在缸邊亂叫亂跳，擔小的且逃走開去了。 {司馬光}呆呆的向地上一看，忽然計上心來，低下頭去，拏塊石頭，向缸上亂碰。丁當幾響， 碰破了，水流出來了；一會兒水流完了。看看缸裏的朋友，雖然身上很濕，却還没有死。 [圖：缸水流出來] 掉在缸裏的孩子，被{司馬光}救出來了，但是好端端的水缸，就變成廢物；聰明的{司馬光}， 怎麼不愛惜這缸呢？ {司馬光}　{宋}朝人，號{君實}。他做官時，不贊成{王安石}創新法。著作極富，有 《資治通鑑》一書，是研究歷史最善的書本。 （三）　諸葛恪兩字題驢 三國時候，有個{孫權}，就是佔據江東，自稱{吳大帝}的。有一天，{孫權}宴請羣臣，内中 有個叫{諸葛瑾}的也在座；因為他的臉兒很長，竟和驢面差不多。{孫權}就和他開頑笑， 叫人去牽一匹驢子來，再拿一塊木板，寫上「{諸葛子瑜}」四字，掛在驢兒的頭上。——{子瑜} 就是{諸葛瑾}的號。 這時候羣臣看看{諸葛瑾}，再看看驢兒，不覺失聲而笑；羞得{諸葛瑾}面紅耳赤，低頭不語。 一會兒，忽然有個孩子，走到{孫權}面前，恭恭敬敬的借一枝筆，在木板上添著「之驢」兩 字。羣臣細一看，都是面面相覷；{孫權}心裏更是快樂，忙説：『小孩子真個聰明，果然 名不虛傳！』 [圖：諸葛恪寫字在木板上] 這孩子是誰？就是{諸葛瑾}的兒子{諸葛恪}。 {諸葛恪}　號{元遜}，年少知名，曾封{陽都侯}是{諸葛亮}的姪兒。 （四）　曹子建七步成詩 皇帝是人類中第一等的惡魔，往往要逞他一人的私心，殺死千千萬萬無罪的人民；有時他 心裏不自在起來，竟把親兄弟的生命，看得如同狗馬一般。小朋友們不信，請看{曹子建} 七步成詩的故事！ {曹子建}名{植}，是{曹操}的兒子，十歲時就會做詩文，很有些菜才名。他的哥哥{曹丕} 很妒忌他，想把他殺死。——{曹丕}是誰。就是三國時候的{魏文帝}。 {曹丕}雖然想殺兄弟，但是礙著他没有罪名。有一會，忽然想著一個法子，對{子建}説： 『弟弟，你是會做詩的；我限你七步之内，要做好一首詩。如果做不成，仔細你的命啊！』 {子建}聽了，不覺一陣心酸；虧得他才思敏捷，就開口説：『煮豆燃豆萁，豆在釡中泣；本 是同根生，相煎何太急！』恰巧走了七步，做成四句。 [圖：{子建}站在{曹丕}面前] {曹丕}聽了這首詩，知道他拿豆萁譬喻兄弟，心裏有些感動，只得含笑説：『很好，很好！』 但是這{子建}已經急得滿頭是汗了。 {曹子建}　{曹操}第三個兒子對{陳王}。文才富豔。{謝靈運}説：「天下文章只一石，{子建} 獨得八斗。」著有《曹子建集》十卷。 （五）　曹冲知象輕重 {曹冲}是{曹操}的小兒子，也是很聰明的。想不到{曹操}這個惡人，倒有幾個聰明的兒子； 會做詩的{子建}，已在前面説過了；現在再看這{曹冲}的聰明。 {曹操}得到一支大象，不知道這象有多少重。有人説：『只要去造一桿極大的秤，把他秤一秤 就得了。』{曹操}冷笑説：『那裏去找幾個身長力大的人，來提起這桿秤呢？』一句話，説得那 人啞口無言。不多一會，{曹冲}站起來説：『這件事很容易，只要用一隻大船，把象牽到船上， 看船上的水痕在那裏，就做一個記號。再把象牽出，載上石頭或別的東西，等船沈到有記號 的地方為止。我們看所載的石頭或別的東西的重量，就知道那象的重輕了；何必多費人工， 定造大秤呢！』 [圖：大象在船上，有人寫記號] {曹冲}拍手説：『好！這才是聰明的辦法。』 {曹冲}　號{蒼舒}，是{曹操}的幼子。他的長兄{曹丕}篡{漢}，稱{魏}帝，後封他做 {鄧哀王}。 （六）　晉帝辨日遠近 {晉}朝有個皇帝叫{明帝}，小時候也很聰明伶俐。有一天，他正在父親的懐裏，恰巧有個人 從{長安}來。他的父親問他道：『{長安}和太陽，那一處遠？哪一處近？』這個問題很是奇特， 實在不容易解決。{明帝}這孩子實在聰明，他就回答道：『{長安}近，太陽遠。』父親還問他 是什麼意思。他立刻説到：『我只聽見{長安}地方有人來，没有聽見過太陽那邊有人來；豈 不是{長安}近，太陽遠呢？』父親聽了，點頭微笑。 過了一天，{明帝}的父親招集羣臣，請他們吃酒，並且叫{明帝}也坐在旁邊，把前天的話 問他，預備得羣臣稱讚。那知他回答的話却相反。原來他説的是『{長安}遠，太陽近。』父親 心裏不禁生氣，忙説：『你前天是怎樣説的？』他却清清楚楚的説道：『我們擡起頭來，只見 太陽，不見{長安}；豈不是太陽近{長安}遠呢？』 [圖：明帝坐在父親旁邊吃飯] {晉明帝}　姓{司馬}，名{紹}，是{元帝}{司馬睿}的兒子。 （七）　徐孺子一言解囚困 {漢}朝有個{徐孺子}，是一位清高的讀書人。他小時候也很聰明。有一回，他年僅十一嵗， 走去拜望{郭林宗}。{郭林宗}也是一位有名的學問家，這時候正在院子裏砍樹。{徐孺子} 見了，就問道：『先生!先生!好端端的一株樹，怎麼把他砍去，何不留著他，夏天可以遮 太陽呢？』{林宗}説：『這所房子是正方形，中間有一株樹木，不是成功一個困苦的「困」字 嗎。困苦是大家不歡迎的，所以我要把這樹砍去。』{孺子}説：『嗄！原來如此。但是砍去了 樹，先生不能再住這所房子了！』{林宗}説：『為什麼呢？』他説：『正方形的房子裏，住一 個人，那是成功一個「囚」字了，不是更凶嗎？』{林宗}聽了大笑，就不把這樹砍去。 [圖：孺子和林宗在樹旁邊；林宗靠著斧子] {徐孺子}　名{穉}，{漢}朝人。道德極高尚。{陳蕃}做太守時，給他特設一榻，請他安歇。 {孺子}去了，{蕃}就把榻掛起來，不給別人用的。 （八）　白居易七月識之無 {白居易}是{唐}朝有名的詩人，他做的詩，文字極淺顯，意思極精妙，據説不認識字的女 人，也聽得懂的。 他小時候極喜歡讀書，讀了並且不會忘卻，最奇怪的，他初生時只有六七個月，就認識幾 個字。 不滿一歲的小孩子懂得甚麼呢？但是{白居易}已經認識「之無」兩個字了。如果旁的人問他那 一個是「之」字，那一個是「無」字，他就用手指指出來，一回兩回⋯⋯儘管試驗到百幾十 回，他總不會指差的；就是隔了好幾天去問他，仍舊記得起的。這不是很難得的嗎？ 小朋友，你們家裏有小弟弟小妹妹嗎？何不去試試他呢! [圖：白居易指「之無」字] {白居易}　號{樂天}，他極會做詩，著作一部《長慶集》。他的詩，平易近人，老嫗都解。 （九）　王戎不食道旁李 路旁邊有一棵樹，滿樹結著圓圓的果子，映著太陽光，顯出鮮紅的顔色。許多孩子走到樹下， 忽然拍手説到：『好一樹的李子，我們採些吃罷！』話才説完，大家你搶我奪的去採。只有 一個孩子坐在樹下休息，並不去採李子。這孩子是誰，他姓{王}名{戎}。 [圖：王戎看別的孩子採李子] 許多孩子正在採李子的當兒，回頭看見{王戎}一個人坐在樹下不動，忙問他做甚麼，為何不 採李子吃。{王戎}笑笑説：『這李樹生在路旁，能夠保留這許多果子，大家不來採；這果子是 不好吃的，何必去採呢！』許多人那裏相信，並且笑他是個獃子。 不多一會，許多人都攢著眉頭，大呼上當。原來他們嘗過了，道這李子的滋味很苦，果然是 不好吃的。 {王戎}　{晉}朝人，生性貪吝，相傳有「賣李鑽核」的故事。 （十）　管輅畫地作天文 研究天空中太陽的狀態，月亮和各種星球的運行等，叫做天文。天文是很高深的學問，決不 是小孩子所明白的。但是我國古代，倒有一位明白天文的聰明孩子，叫{管輅}。 {管輅}是{三國}時候的人，他在八九歲時，就喜歡觀察天象；每在晚上吃了夜飯，走到空 曠地放，仔仔細細的研究各個星的地位。無論碰著什麼人，就要問他，和他談天文，到了夜 深也不肯睡覺。他的父親常常勸他早睡，他總不聼；並且對父母説：『孩兒年紀雖小，但是 喜歡研究天文，一些也不覺得疲倦，那裏睡得著呢？』 [圖：管輅在沙子中畫月形狀] 白天裏{管輅}和旁的小孩子遊戲，也常畫地做日月星辰的形狀，和小朋友們談天；真是一箇 好學不倦的神童！ {管輅}　號{公明}，明《周易》，善卜筮，所占無不應驗。 （十一）　江泌讀書借月色 天色晚了，房子裏漸漸的黑暗，有一個人，靠在窗前讀書。這人是誰。為什麼不趕快去點燈 呢？原來這人姓{江}，名{泌}，他並不是忘了去點燈，因為燈中没有油，買油還没有錢哩。 時光是很勢利的，那裏肯照顧這窮小子呢！不多一會，大地黑暗，一些東西也看不見了。 {江泌}無法可想，只得掩著書本，坐在房子裏肯誦；可是還没有讀熟，一半也背誦不出來。 一片白光，從屋角邊頭射來。咦！那裏來的光？仔細一看，原來是白玉盤似的月亮，從樹林 裏跳出來，照得窗前階下，都是白光。{江泌}十分快樂，就拏了書本，對著月亮，説：『這是 我的最大的讀書燈。』 月亮照的很亮，{江泌}也讀得很起勁，不知不覺的過了許多時候，一輪圓月，移到屋背後 去；無情的屋角，竟把月光遮得乾乾淨淨。{江泌}暗暗叫一聲苦，呆呆的發一回怔；忽然想 著一個好法子。因為他看見窗前雖然黑暗，屋上依舊光亮，就去拏一個長梯，靠在屋檐上， 帶了書本，爬上梯去，繼續做他的功課。 [圖：江泌在梯子上用月光讀書] {江泌}　{南齊}人，號{士清}。家貧，夜中隨月讀書。其母早死，常以母生時缺少供養為恨。 （十二）　祖瑩好學蔽燈光 {祖瑩}也是一個好學不倦的人。他在八歲時候，就喜歡讀書，到了十二嵗時，讀書更是認真， 日夜不肯休息。 白天讀書做事，晚上休息睡覺，是保養身體極好的辦法。{祖瑩}日夜讀書，實在很不合於衛 生。他的父親看見他聰明好學，自然十二分的快樂；但是他小小年紀，不善保養，怎能不切 實指導！因此常常對他説：『晚上不宜多讀書，應該早些睡覺。』有時看見他不肯睡，往往 硬要叫他先睡；這也是父母愛子的苦心。 父母的命令，{祖瑩}不敢違背；但是他心裏終要終要多讀書本。於是他在將睡的時候，把火 藏在灰中，然後上床；等到父母睡熟了，馬上起來，走到書房裏去，點燈讀書。這時候恐被 父母或旁的人知道，常拏衣服被褥，遮蔽門窗，使在室外不見燈光。他那用心的周密和勤學 的熱心，真是不可多得。 [圖：祖瑩把被褥挂在窗上] {祖瑩}　{後魏}時人，號{元珍}，小時候勤讀書，喜寫字，時人稱他「聖小兒。」文章自成 一家風骨，不與認同。 （十三）　楊爵燃薪代燭 {楊爵}也是一個有志讀書的人。他的家境也是很窮，和{江泌}相同，可以認為異姓的弟兄。 不過兩人的時代差得很遠，至少要有一千年，{楊爵}真是後輩哩。 {楊爵}在小時候，沒有讀過書；直到二十歲，才去幹那讀書的事。大約他知道不讀書的苦處， 所以要發憤用功了。但是窮苦的人，往往白天要做工，謀生活，到得晚上才有工夫去讀書。 卻又苦於買燈油的費錢，沒有燈油，那裏來火光照讀呢？月光雖好，不過陰兩時就沒法想； 並且一月中還有好幾天借不著月光。所以{江泌}的方法，可暫而不可久。聰明的{楊爵}，就 想出燃薪代燭的計劃。 柴草和樹枝，是可燃的東西，荒野地方極多，只要費一點時間和力氣，就可以得著一捆； 陰雨無月光的時候，把他燒著做讀書燈，真是燭一無二的辦法。並且冬日嚴寒，還可以充作 火爐哩。 [圖：楊爵燃薪而讀書] {楊爵}　{明}朝人，學問道德，都很有名；做御史，能直言極諌。 （十四）　陸羽種蕉代紙 {陸羽}是{唐}朝時候的人，他極喜歡寫草書。他説寫字宜活潑，不宜拘束；要活潑只有寫 草書。 {陸羽}是一個窮人，天天去買紙來寫字，也覺得所費太大，有些辦不到。但是字又不可不 練習的，於是他就想出這蕉葉代紙的計劃來。 [圖：陸羽寫字在芭蕉葉上] {陸羽}家裏的住宅旁邊，有一片空地，沒有錢造起房子來，空著也覺得可惜。他既然大定這 蕉葉代紙的計劃，就在空地上大種芭蕉，好在芭蕉是容易生長的，他一口氣種了幾十幾百 株。後來長大成林，暑天走去納涼，很覺得涼爽宜人；清早走去散步，也覺得空氣清新。每 天摘一張兩張下來練習寫字，更是不費一文錢。{陸羽}到了那時，他的快樂，竟不可以言語 形容。常對人説：『我不是種芭蕉，是種寫字的練習紙呀！』 {陸羽}　{唐}朝人，隱居{浙江}，自稱桑苧翁。閉門著書，不願服官。或獨行野中，誦詩 擊本，慟哭而回。喜歡飲茶，著《茶經》三篇。 （十五）　朱買臣擔柴 {江泌}和{楊爵}，都是窮的讀書人。一個借月作燈，一個燃薪代燭，都是利用晚上的時間， 做晝讀書求學的機會。現在要説起一個白晝讀書的窮人，叫{朱買臣}。 {朱買臣}是{漢}朝時候的人，家裏很窮，靠著做工度日。他做的工，是到山裏去砍柴，拿下 山來沿街叫賣，把賣得的錢，做一天的費用。這種生活是最苦沒有的了，一天到晚，奔走不 停；如果碰著天雨，那末他的苦況，更不可以言語形容。但是{朱買臣}倒不以為苦；不過他 心裏所不自在的，是缺少的讀書時間。 [圖：朱買臣一邊走，一邊讀] 他想柴是不能不砍的，不過在砍柴之前，和擔柴的時候，在路上行走，正可以利用做讀書的 時間。主意大定，就帶了書本出去，一邊走，一邊讀。砍柴時，把書放在旁邊；等到擔柴求 求售時，再照前法讀書：接連好幾年，天天是這個樣子的。 {朱買臣}　{漢}朝人，號{翁子}。家窮，賣柴以為生。其妻求去。{買臣}説：「我年五十當富 貴，現已四十餘矣，待我富貴，必厚待汝。 」妻不聽，自去。後{買臣}得官，乘車入吳，見 其妻和許多農夫治道迎官。妻羞愧而死。 （十六）　李玄邃乘牛 {李玄邃}是{隋}{唐}時候的人，名{密}，{玄邃}是他的號。古人叫{李密}的有兩個，還有 一個是{晉}朝人，號叫{令伯}。小朋友們要分別清楚啊。 [圖：李玄邃一邊騎牛，一邊讀書] {李玄邃}也是一個好學不倦的人。有一天，他到別地方去，拜會一個熟人；因為路隔的很遠， 騎著一頭黃牛走去。臨行的時候，他想牛是走得不快的，騎在牛背上沒有事做，虛耗時光， 很是可惜；因此就帶了本書，拏一本放在手中閲讀，其餘的包紥好，挂在牛角上，預備讀 完一本後，再去掉換。 曠野的地方，只有牧童騎牛唱歌聲，沒有學生騎牛讀書聲。咦！這種琅琅讀書聲，是那裏 來的？一位老先生在後面聽見了，很是奇怪。後來走到他背後髙聲叫道：『誰家的孩子，這 樣的勤學呢？』{玄邃}回頭一看，知道是{楊}老先生。趕快跳下來，對{楊}老先生作揖行禮。 這{楊}老先生是誰？原來是{楊素}。 {李密}　{唐}朝人，曾在{隋}朝做官。後歸隐。專心讀書。聞{包愷}在{緱山}往從之遊。將 《漢書》挂在牛角上，且行且讀。 （十七）　張無垢石上足跡 從前人説，早起三朝當一工。因為早起的人，可以多做幾種工作，接連三天早起，可以抵得 他人整日的一工。這樣算來，如果天天早起，那麼一箇月可以多出十工來，一年就可以多做 四個月的工作了。 {張無垢}讀書，就利用早起的時間。天還没有亮的時候，他就要起身。但是室内還黑暗，不 能看書。他就拿了書本，走到窗前，站在石上讀書。直到紅日髙升，才入書室，天天是這樣。 接連十四年不間斷，石上站立的地方，留着兩隻脚的痕跡，隔好了好久，仍舊是隱然可見。 [圖：張無垢站在石上讀書] 清早讀書，實在比晚上好得多。一則可省油火，窮人也不必憂慮；一則早晨精神充足，讀書 容易記憶；並且可以鍛鍊身體，吸收新鮮空氣。小朋友們！大家不要貪懶，都來學{張無垢} 罷！ {張無垢}　{宋}朝人，名{九成}，字{子韶}，別號{無垢居士}。官至禮部侍郎，因與{秦檜} 不和，被謫，{檜}死，復起知{溫州}。卒諡文忠。本故事見{宋}{羅大經}所著《鶴林玉露》。 （十八）　江夏王窗下手書 從前有個四歲的小孩子，姓{蕭}，名{鋒}，因為靠著他的祖宗竊據一方，稱王稱帝，所以 他也得封為{江夏王}，歷史上就稱他叫{江夏王鋒}。不要誤認他是{江夏}人，姓{王}， 名{鋒}，鬧出笑話來啊！ {蕭鋒}四歲的時候，也是一個活潑可愛的孩子，和平常小百姓沒有甚麼分別，決不會靠着 王家的勢作威作福。而且他是天性好學，尤其喜歡寫字，所以他在游戲時，常把寫字做唯一 的玩意兒。 寫字是要用紙和筆墨的，他卻隨處要寫，所以不用筆墨，有時靠在井欄上寫。寫滿了，拏水 來洗去再寫。有時看窗上有灰塵，就用手指劃灰塵寫字。這樣的勤學，可見世界上到處有求 學的機會，只要善於利用就好了。 [圖：蕭鋒在窗上寫字] {蕭鋒}　{南齊}人，{蕭道成}的兒子，號{宣穎}。好讀書，有武力，封{江夏王}。 （十九）　盲目盧太翼 盲目的人，好像終日在黑夜中，一些東西也看不見，那裏談得到讀書寫字呢！自從{法}國 人創造凸形字以教盲人，設盲人學校，在{法}國的京城裏；於是殘廢的盲人，也有了讀書 識字的機會。這樣看來，那末沒有創設盲人學校以前，盲人都不能讀書了嗎？且慢，我國一 千四百多年前，早有盲人讀書的故事了。 {隋}朝時候，有位{盧太翼}先生，不知怎的盲了兩個眼睛；但是眼睛雖盲，依舊是讀書勤 學。他會占氣候，推算曆法，一生真實學問，不是平常人所及到的。不過讀書求學問，少不 了要用眼睛觀察；現在他盲了眼睛，終日在暗中摸索，怎能看書認字！據説他是用手摸書， 就可以明白書上的文字。不過他的書是怎樣製成的？是否同{法}國人一樣用凸形字的卻沒有 查考了。 [圖：盧太翼用指頭讀書] {盧太翼}　{隋}朝人，號{協昭}。閑居不求榮利，讀書豐富，善占侯曆算之術。嘗居{五臺 山}，地多樂物，和弟子們住山巖下以求神仙。 （二十）　懸頭孫閉户 從前人説，勤學的人往往「廢寢忘食。」因為他讀書的興味濃，到了吃飯的時候不覺得餓， 睡覺的時候也不覺得倦了。但是到了餓得飢腸轆轆，倦的精神疲乏的時候，儘管是好學， 恐怕不能勉强。但是古時竟有顧身體的勞苦，千方百計的注意勤學。這種人實在使人欽敬。 我就把{漢}朝的{孫敬}來做代表。 {孫敬}讀書時，恐怕有人來擾亂他，所以常把門關著。每在深夜疲困的時候，仍舊是不停地 讀書。可是睡魔一到，不知不覺的頭垂下了，眼睛閉了，書上的文字也看不見了。{孫敬}心 裏好不氣悶。後來他想到一個方法，在梁上繫一條繩，把繩縛住自己的頭。這樣，到了疲倦 的時候，頭被那繩牽住，不能垂下來，因此，精神煥發，睡魔也被他趕走了。 [圖：孫敬關門讀書] {孫敬}這樣關著門讀書，人家見他常不開門，因此給他一個綽號叫閉户先生。 {孫敬}　{漢}朝人，號{文寶}。性好學，曾經編柳葉寫經本。 抄者後記 　{}　表示專名號 [圖：] 表示插圖位，包括描述 出版信息 　編輯：王一鳴 　出版年：1926 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 故事新讀本: 第一冊 *** Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will be renamed. Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution. START: FULL LICENSE THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at www.gutenberg.org/license. Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works 1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. 1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. 1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the United States and you are located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with others. 1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any country other than the United States. 1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: 1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed: This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook. 1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. 1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg™. 1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™ License. 1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website (www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. 1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. 1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works provided that: • You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.” • You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™ License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™ works. • You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of receipt of the work. • You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works. 1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. 1.F. 1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment. 1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the problem. 1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. 1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. 1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause. Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg™ Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life. Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org. Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws. The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS. The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate. While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who approach us with offers to donate. International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate. Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg™ electronic works Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. Most people start at our website which has the main PG search facility: www.gutenberg.org. This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.